Washington Crisis Intervention, Court-Ordered Treatment, and Patient Rights
When a mental health emergency collides with the legal system, the result can be a precarious balancing act between care and control. From crisis intervention teams on the ground to judges sitting in courtrooms ordering involuntary treatment, the system has to carefully consider the need for immediate care along with the basic rights of the individual.
This page will dive into Washington’s mental health response system, helping you to understand what crisis intervention is, the reasons for involuntary commitment and court-ordered treatment, along with patient rights in a crisis.
You’ll also discover how to support someone going through this legal and mental health challenge. If you or your loved one is facing a mental health crisis, understanding how the system works can feel overwhelming, but this guide is here to help you make sense of it, one step at a time.
What Is Crisis Intervention in Washington State?
Let’s start with the basics: what is a mental health crisis? A crisis is when a person’s normal way of functioning breaks down and their usual coping mechanisms don’t help them recover. A crisis could be triggered by a stressful family situation, financial issues, community problems, significant life events, or natural disasters.
Let’s look at what Washington mental health crisis intervention is. Crisis intervention is when a trained person like a mental health case worker tries to help you in your mental health crisis. This can be done either on the phone or in person. They will carry out an assessment and use this information to put together a treatment plan to help you. The assessment usually involves checking out the situation you are in, deciding whether safety is an issue, identifying the type of crisis you are experiencing, defusing the situation if they can, and reassuring you.
Once the situation is calm, they can then put you in contact with different community resources that are available in your area to help you through the crisis.1
Understanding Involuntary Commitment in Washington
While it is one of your fundamental rights to make your own decisions about mental health treatment, if you aren’t able to make a rational decision about this or provide care for yourself, the state can step in to act in your best interests.2
Under Washington mental health laws sit something called the Involuntary Treatment Act (ITA). Under this act, you can be detained and committed against your wishes if you have a mental health disorder with symptoms that are so bad that you are either a danger to yourself or others or are in immediate danger from a grave disability. You must also be unable to engage in a less restrictive treatment option or require hospitalization.
A designated mental health professional would have determined this in your initial assessment when they responded to your crisis call and can start the process if they believe you meet the criteria regarding danger and requiring treatment.
Involuntary commitment is a legal intervention in mental health (a civil process, not a criminal one) that allows the state to detain you and provide you with treatment, even if you don’t agree to it.3 If you are committed under this act, you will be detained in an Evaluation and Treatment Facility for an initial 5 days, so that you can be evaluated, treated, and stabilized. If the mental health professional believes that you need continued treatment in the facility, they can apply to the courts to extend your stay for up to a maximum of 180 days.
It’s useful to know that people who can start the process of the ITA include family members, first responders, caregivers, medical providers, or care providers.4
Court-Ordered Mental Health Treatment in Washington
Court-ordered mental health treatment is also sometimes called Assisted Outpatient Treatment (AOT). It is mental health court-ordered care for treatment in the community and is a process under the ITA which is less restrictive than involuntary inpatient treatment where you are detained in a facility.
It is used for people who are being discharged from involuntary commitment to ensure they keep getting the treatment they need once back in the community. It is also used for people who meet the following three conditions:
- Have a severe mental health condition
- A history of non-compliance with voluntary treatment
- Are unlikely to live safely in the community without some supervision
The court order will dictate what type of treatment the person must have, which may include therapy, medication, or other support services. They might also request that the patient appear in court for reviews at a frequency the judge will decide. The whole aim of AOT is to motivate the patient to engage fully with their treatment plan so that they can improve their mental health.
A petition for AOT can be filed by the director of the hospital where the person has been hospitalized, the person’s mental health professional, a designated crisis responder, a release planner from a corrections facility, or an emergency room physician.5
Patient Rights During a Mental Health Crisis
Having learned about involuntary commitment and court-ordered treatment, you might be wondering if you even have any rights during a mental health crisis. Rest assured that you absolutely do have rights and lots of them. If you are in involuntary commitment or court-ordered mental health care treatment, you still have the following crisis care legal rights:6,7
- The right to appropriate care, including a personalized treatment plan.
- The right to refuse treatment with a few exceptions. You can refuse psychiatric medication unless a court orders it or there’s an administrative hearing that authorizes it. You can refuse psychosurgery, and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can only be given without your consent in emergency life-saving situations with a court order.
- The right to appeal. You can appeal your detention through an administrative hearing.
- The right to legal counsel and representation, which is useful for appealing your case.
- The right to request an independent psychiatric evaluation
- The right to access personal belongings. This applies to inpatient care unless restrictions are deemed necessary for safety.
- The right to humane care and in the least restrictive environment possible.
- The right to participate in your treatment planning and to have everything explained to you in language that you understand.
- The right to confidentiality.
- The right to communicate and have visitors if you are being detained.
- The right to be told your rights, so that you know from the start explicitly what rights you have.
- The right to a qualified advocate to assist you in understanding, exercising, and protecting your rights.
- The right to informed consent. This applies in most cases, although a court can authorize medication involuntarily if they believe the patient lacks the capacity to make decisions.
As you can see, you still have a lot of your rights even if you are detained under the ITA, and you will receive treatment designed to help you through your specific crisis.
Supporting Loved Ones Through Legal and Mental Health Challenges
It can be upsetting to see someone you love going through legal and mental health challenges at the same time, and you might be wondering how you can help them. If your loved one is struggling, you can provide them with emotional support, and encourage them to seek help from their doctor or mental health professionals.
If they are having a mental health crisis, you can help them contact the crisis support hotline: 988 Suicide & Crisis Lifeline. They are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, 365 days a year. If your loved one doesn’t feel comfortable talking on the phone, they can also contact the lifeline by text or online chat to get help.8
If someone you care about is going through a crisis intervention, you can help them by advocating for their rights. Read up on their rights under Washington State law, advocate for their rights to make sure they receive the right help and seek out legal counsel to make sure they are well represented.
Accessing Psychiatric Care in Washington State
Mission Connection provides compassionate support for those seeking psychiatric care in Washington. We have mental health treatment centers in Bellevue and Seattle, offering intensive outpatient programs (IOPs) and partial hospitalization programs (PHP) as well as a range of personalized outpatient treatment services.
We can provide you with help both in-person and via Telehealth, so distance isn’t an obstacle. We offer comprehensive care including individual therapy, group therapy, family counseling, psychiatric evaluations, medication management, and crisis intervention, to help you or your loved one on their journey to mental health healing.
We have a flexible schedule from Monday to Saturday, designed to easily fit into your life and fulfill your needs. Group activities include expressive arts, mindfulness, mental health education, movement, writing, support groups, and much more.
In terms of one-to-one therapy, there are many approaches to choose from, including cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical behavior therapy (DBT), mindfulness-based therapy, and many more.
Reach Out to Mental Health Experts in Washington
If you or a loved one are struggling with your mental health, pick up the phone and talk to one of our friendly mental health experts at Mission Connection.
We provide compassionate support tailored to your individual needs while respecting your rights. We also know that living with a mental health condition affects everyone differently – it can be debilitating for some people, while others may only need a little extra support. That’s why we offer a range of treatment approaches to help you on your healing journey. Some of our services include:
- Short-term inpatient stays for emergencies or severe symptoms.
- Partial hospitalization, allowing you to receive treatment in the daytime and spend evenings in the comfort of your own home.
- Intensive outpatient programs with multiple weekly sessions.
- Outpatient services like online therapy, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) therapy, and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) therapy.
We want to make sure you can access the right treatment when you need it most, which is why we offer a range of payment options to help ease any concerns over the cost of mental health treatment.
Contact us today online or call us at 866-372-1476 to get started on the road to recovery. You deserve support, and we are here to help you every step of the way.
References
- Washington State Department of Social and Health Services. (n.d.). Crisis intervention | DSHS. https://www.dshs.wa.gov/esa/social-services-manual/crisis-intervention
- American Civil Liberties Union of Washington. (2023, March 13). Infringement of personal liberty within the civil commitment system. https://www.aclu-wa.org/story/infringement-personal-liberty-within-civil-commitment-system
- King County. (n.d.). Crisis services – King County, Washington. https://kingcounty.gov/en/dept/dchs/human-social-services/behavioral-health-recovery/crisis-services
- Washington State Department of Social and Health Services. (2024). Involuntary Treatment Act (ITA) program overview. In Washington State Department of Social and Health Services. https://www.hca.wa.gov/assets/program/fact-sheet-involuntary-treatment-act.pdf
- Washington State Health Care Authority. (n.d.). Assisted outpatient treatment (AOT). https://www.hca.wa.gov/about-hca/programs-and-initiatives/behavioral-health-and-recovery/assisted-outpatient-treatment-aot
- Legal Information Institute. (n.d.). 42 U.S. Code § 9501 – Bill of Rights. https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/9501
- LegalClarity. (2025, February 25). Washington State mental health laws: Key rules and patient rights. https://legalclarity.org/washington-state-mental-health-laws-key-rules-and-patient-rights/
- Washington State Department of Health. (n.d.). Hotlines, text, and chat resources. https://doh.wa.gov/you-and-your-family/injury-and-violence-prevention/suicide-prevention/hotlines-text-and-chat-resources
